This is a page for the tag Corporate Income Tax (CIT)
Limited liability company vs limited partnership in Poland: key differences for shareholders and investors
When comparing a limited liability company vs limited partnership in Poland, a Polish limited liability company usually offers stronger protection for shareholders’ private assets, a clearer management structure and a more straightforward route for bringing in an investor. A Polish limited partnership may be more suitable when the partners want... Read More →
Polish sp. z o.o. vs German GmbH – differences in registration, costs and compliance
A Polish limited liability company (sp. z o.o.) and a German Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung (GmbH) both protect shareholders through limited liability, but they differ significantly in their capital requirements, registration formalities, taxation and ongoing compliance. For investors planning to register a company in Poland, a Polish sp. z o.o.... Read More →
Transfer pricing documentation and Estonian CIT in Poland – what the Supreme Administrative Court of Poland (NSA) ruling means for companies
Companies that have chosen the lump-sum taxation on corporate income in Poland, commonly referred to as Estonian CIT, still need to analyse their transfer pricing obligations. The issue of transfer pricing documentation and Estonian CIT is particularly important for companies operating within capital groups, companies with foreign shareholders and businesses... Read More →
Tax deregulation in Poland: what Deregulation 2.0 may change for businesses
Tax deregulation in Poland under the announced Deregulation 2.0 package may simplify selected tax procedures, but it does not remove the taxpayer’s responsibility for correct settlements. The key proposals include pre-filled VAT returns, e-receipts issued through a free mobile application, a 5-year validity period for individual tax rulings, broader use... Read More →
Accounting for LLC in Poland – obligations, rules and practical challenges
Accounting for LLC in Poland differs significantly from accounting for a sole proprietorship or a business using simplified records. This is mainly because a Polish limited liability company, commonly referred to as spółka z ograniczoną odpowiedzialnością (sp. z o.o.), is a separate legal entity with its own assets, liabilities and... Read More →
Chart of accounts for JPK_CIT in Poland – practical preparation for new reporting obligations
The chart of accounts for JPK_CIT is one of the key areas that companies in Poland should review before the new income tax reporting obligations become effective. These obligations, introduced gradually for different groups of taxpayers, are not limited to the technical generation of a file from the accounting system.... Read More →
JPK reporting deadline in Poland extended – key information for companies
The JPK reporting deadline in Poland for income taxes has been officially extended after the Polish President signed the relevant amendment. On 11 June 2026, the President of the Republic of Poland signed an amendment to the Polish Personal Income Tax Act, the Corporate Income Tax Act and the Act... Read More →
Remote work from Poland and permanent establishment risk for foreign companies – Supreme Administrative Court of Poland (NSA) judgment
A permanent establishment in Poland is one of the key tax issues foreign companies should assess when hiring employees who work remotely from Poland. A judgment of 28 October 2025 issued by the Supreme Administrative Court of Poland (Naczelny Sąd Administracyjny, NSA) confirmed that an employee working from a private... Read More →
Contractual penalties and tax-deductible costs in Poland – a ruling by the Supreme Administrative Court of Poland (NSA)
Contractual penalties and tax-deductible costs in Poland are an important issue for businesses performing services, deliveries, construction projects and long-term contracts. The latest case law of the Supreme Administrative Court of Poland (NSA) confirms that not every contractual penalty is automatically excluded from tax-deductible costs. If a penalty is charged... Read More →
Accounting books of foreign branches vs. JPK_CIT: what Polish tax authorities expect
Until recently, the accounting books of foreign branches were mainly associated with local reporting duties in the country where the branch operates and with feeding data into the Polish head office’s financial statements. With the introduction of structured reporting of accounting records under SAF-T for corporate income tax (JPK_CIT), the... Read More →
